Screening of Extended Spectrum Beta lactamase Producing Gram Negative Bacilli Isolated from Clinical Cases

Abstract Background and objectives: (ESBL) strain is one of the emerging health related problems in the world recently. Some of the species of the gram-negative bacilli including Klebsiella Pneumonia & Escherichia Coli are well known ESBL producing among bacteria, and they cause uncontrollable infections. This Cross-sectional study was designed to asses the ESBL producing gram negative bacilli among inpatients of Shohada-ye- ashayer hospital (Khorram Abad). Extended Spectrum Betalactamase producing Materials and methods: methods. ESBL producing gram negative bacilli were screened with MacConkey Agars containing 4 mg/liter Ceftazidime and confirmed with double disk synergy method as recommended by national standard laboratory institute. Samples were processed with routine laboratory Results: positive for ESBL.The most isolated species of ESBL are 20 Klebsiella pneumonia(8.88%), 10 Escherchiia coli(4.44%) and 10 pseudomonas aeruginosa(4.44%). The most ESBL producing gram-negative bacilli were Isolated from urine samples (21 cases 39.62%).and Ten cases (18.86%) from bronchoscopy sterile samples. Fifty- there cases (23.55%) of 225 total isolated gram negative bacilli are Conclusion: frequently isolated from Shohada-ye-Ashaier Hospital. Regarding the high resistance of these strains against many of the antibiotics and even against Carbapenems, health- care providers need to plan controlling policies for such strains. The Results indicate that ESBL producing gram-negative bacilli are Key words:   Extended Spectrum Betalactamase. Hospital acquired infection, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella Pneumoniae,